'What' Skills

Master the DBT 'What' Skills: Observe, Describe, and Participate.

Overview of 'What' Skills

The 'What' skills in DBT mindfulness teach you how to engage with the present moment. These skills help you become more aware of your thoughts, emotions, and actions without judgment or distraction. The three 'What' skills are: Observe, Describe, and Participate.

The Three 'What' Skills

Observe

Pay attention to your surroundings, thoughts, and feelings without labeling or reacting. Observation is about noticing, not interpreting.

How to Practice:

  • Focus on your breath or body sensations.
  • Notice sounds, sights, and smells around you.
  • Acknowledge thoughts without judging them.

Describe

Label your thoughts, emotions, and experiences in a nonjudgmental way. This skill helps you stay objective and aware.

How to Practice:

  • Use factual language to describe what you observe.
  • Replace "I am angry" with "I notice anger rising."
  • Avoid judgmental words like "good" or "bad."

Participate

Fully engage in the present moment. Let go of self-consciousness and immerse yourself in the activity at hand.

How to Practice:

  • Join an activity with your full attention.
  • Actively listen during conversations.
  • Focus on doing, not thinking about doing.

Tips for Practicing 'What' Skills

To strengthen your 'What' skills:

These skills take time to master, so be patient with yourself as you practice.